(Wikimedia Commons - Gray's Anatomy)
STABBING THE LUNGS
The right lung is divided into three lobes, the upper lobe, middle lobe and lower lobe.
Consequently, if you stab the right lung and deflate one lobe, the other two lobes will expand to compensate for decreased oxygenation.
Your attacker will experience pain associated with the stabbing as well as shortness of breath and respiratory difficulty due to bleeding and collapse of the wounded lobe.
He will cough up blood and be moderately incapacitated, allowing you to escape.
The way to puncture each lobe of the right lung is to simply introduce the blade of the knife or any penetrating instrument between the ribs directly into the lung.
If you move the knife handle up and down as well as from side to side after full penetration, you will cause even greater damage than with a simple stab.
If you stab the right lung in the middle of the chest near the right border of the sternum or breast bone, you may be able to sever the right bronchus, which is the air tube bringing air from the trachea to the right lung and thereby collapse all three lobes of the right lung.
You may also sever the right pulmonary artery and right pulmonary vein and cause hemorrhage within the right chest cavity, a condition medically known as right hemothorax.
The left lung is composed of the upper lobe, lower lobe and a small tongue-like lobe called the lingula, which in Latin means tongue.
The reason for the middle lobe of the left lung being diminished in size to a small lingula is the fact that the heart occupies a significant space within the left chest.
Therefore if you stab the upper part of the left chest between two upper ribs, you will puncture and deflate the left upper lobe.
If you penetrate the left lower chest with a knife, you will puncture and deflate the left lower lobe.
However, you can inflict the most serious injury when you stab the middle part of the left chest near the left border of the sternum or breast bone because you will most likely not just damage the lingula but will cause fatal injury to the heart as well, especially if you vigorously wiggle the handle of the knife to maximize the extent of the stab wound.
In addition, the left bronchus, left pulmonary artery and left pulmonary vein can be severed in this process, leading to total collapse of the entire left lung as well as intrathoracic hemorrhage or left hemothorax.
(Wikimedia Commons - Gray's Anatomy)
STABBING THE ABDOMEN
The abdomen is separated from the chest cavity by two muscular membranes called the right hemidiaphragm and the left hemidiaphragm.
Underneath the right hemidiaphragm lies the liver.
Underneath the left hemidiaphragm lies the spleen.
In the middle of the upper abdomen is the stomach and directly behind the stomach lies the pancreas.
The middle portion of the abdomen behind the umbilicus or navel is primarily occupied by the intestines, which are subdivided into the duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon.
The duodenum, jejunum and ileum are successive portions of the small intestine.
These are coiled and convoluted tubular structures whose function is to digest and carry food from the stomach to the large intestine or colon.
In a person of average size, the small intestinal tract may be as long as 24 feet, intricately coiled up within the abdominal cavity.
Therefore if you stab the middle of the stomach, you will most likely sever the small intestinal tract.
The colon or large intestine is subdivided into the ascending colon, which carries stool upward along the right side of the abdomen.
It then makes a sharp turn underneath the liver and cuts across the abdomen to the other side.
This portion is called the transverse colon.
From this point, it turns downward as the descending colon, becoming the sigmoid colon which opens to the outside as the anus.
(Wikipedia Commons Author de Benutzer Uwe Gille)
STABBING THE LIVER
The liver is a large and friable organ located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, directly underneath the right hemidiaphragm.
The liver, whose main function is synthesis of proteins and essential hormones and detoxification of chemical agents toxic to the body, is a very vascular organ permeated by tiny blood channels called sinusoids.
It is completely covered by a membranous capsule called Glisson's capsule.
When penetrated by the blade of a knife, the liver bleeds profusely.
Blood accumulates inside Glisson's capsule, distending it. Distension of Glisson's capsule is for some reason extremely painful.
Laceration of liver tissue, with its associated profuse hemorrhage, will rapidly lead to hypotension and shock, causing the attacker to lose consciousness.
The most effective way to stab the liver is to penetrate the abdomen below the lower right rib cage and direct the blade upward.
As mentioned previously, the liver is located underneath the right hemidiaphragm but it is protected in front by the lower right ribs.
Consequently, the knife or other penetrating instrument needs to be aimed upward from the right lower rib cage in order to reach and penetrate the liver.
The spleen is situated in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen underneath the left hemidiaphragm.
Its front part is also protected by the left lower rib cage.
Like the liver, the spleen is a very vascular organ permeated by vascular channels called sinusoids and its tissue is soft and friable.
Laceration of the spleen is effectuated by placing the tip of the knife in the left upper abdominal quadrant and directing the thrust upward.
The spleen is also enclosed within a capsule and laceration of the spleen produces profuse hemorrhage, leading to massive internal blood loss, hypotension, shock and loss of consciousness.
The pancreas is hard to reach because it is hidden behind the stomach.
Laceration of the pancreas causes pain and leakage of pancreatic enzymes.
However, unlike the liver or spleen, the pancreas is not a vascular organ and its injury is not associated with much bleeding.
A stab wound to the small or large intestine does not cause significant bleeding.
There will naturally be pain but only moderate incapacitation.
The only way to cause severe intestinal injury is to effectuate an evisceration.
This is accomplished by stabbing the abdomen with a sharp knife and then moving the blade in a clockwise fashion around the edge of the abdomen,
When the abdominal wall is dissected in this fashion, the intestinal tract will slip outside of the abdominal cavity, a process known as evisceration.
In ancient Japan, a samurai warrior who has lost a battle may commit suicide according to a traditional act of honor called Harakiri.
In this final act, the warrior uses both hands to drive his sword into the midupper part of his stomach, then carves his abdomen by moving the blade in a clockwise fashion,
first to his left side, lacerating the spleen,
then downward along the left abdominal border toward the left groin, lacerating small and large intestines in the process.
He then moves the blade of the sword across the lower abdomen to the right side
and upward toward the liver,
thus eviscerating himself in a complete and circular clockwise fashion.
The samurai then falls forward and is decapitated by the person for whom he holds the most respect and veneration.
The kidneys are located posteriorly in the left and right flanks.
To injure a kidney, a stab is made posteriorly on the right or left flank.
A lacerated kidney will bleed only moderately and does not lead to significant incapacitation.
Therefore, the kidneys are not worthwhile targets in self-defense.
Other organs located within the lower abdominal cavity of a man are the ureters and bladder.
Injury to the ureters and bladder is associated with only mild bleeding and moderate discomfort. Therefore, the ureters and bladder are not considered important targets in self-defense.
The male genitalia or sexual organ consists primarily of the penis and scrotum containing two testicles. These suborgans are vulnerable to attack.
Kicking or kneeing the groin of the male attacker will produce only temporary pain and incapacitation, not enough to make much difference in terms of allowing you to safely escape.
It is more effective to plunge a knife directly into the groin area of the attacker and damage the penis, urethra, scrotum, testicles as well as the bladder.
An aroused and erect penis is swollen and engorged with blood contained within cavities called corpora spongiosa and corpora cavernosa. If the penis is lacerated, profuse bleeding results.
The best way to attack the penis is to slice or bite it off. Grabbing the erect and blood engorged penis with one hand and slicing it off its base with a knife in the other hand can be accomplished in one stroke.
If the woman is forced to perform fellatio by the criminal male attacker, she can allow the engorged penis to penetrate deeply inside her mouth, then clamp her upper and lower teeth tightly.
She should then shake her head violently from side to side or jerk her head backward or downward with clenched teeth in order to separate the penis from its base.
She should then spit out the bleeding penile shaft and throw it away from her as far away as possible and escape.
Chances are good that the attacker will run to retrieve his severed penis instead of persuing his escaping victim.
If you firmly grab one or both testicles and twist or pull violently downward, you will cause what is medically called testicular torsion.
Testicular torsion is a very painful and incapacitating process. The attacker will experience excrutiating pain. He will discontinue his attack and allow you to escape.
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